Inglés VI

Defining relative clauses Form: Do not need commas to separate them from the rest of the sentence. Come after the noun they refer to. Can use which/that to refer to things. Can use who/that to refer to people. Can use where to refer to places.                              Function: A defining relative clause gives us extra information about a noun. It cannot be removed from the sentence without affecting the basic meaning. We use defining relative clauses to give essential information about someone or something – information that we need in order to understand what or who is being referred to. A defining relative clause usually comes immediately after the noun it describes. We usually use a relative pronoun (e.g. who, that, which, whose and whom) to introduce a defining relative clause (In the examples, the relative clause is in bold, and the person or thing being referred to is underlined.): They’re the people  who want to buy our house .        

Non-defining relative clauses Form: Are separated from the rest of the sentence by commas. Can only come after the noun they refer to. Can only use who to refer to people, and which to refer to places and things. Can sometimes use where to refer to places.                          Function: A non-defining relative clause gives us extra information about a noun. We already know which person or thing we are referring to. The relative clause could be removed from the sentence without affecting the basic meaning.                           Examples: The Charleston museum, which is the oldest museum in the U.S., was built in1773. Daniel Radcliffe, who played Harry Potter, now acts in the theater. The college, which specializes in languages, is near New York City. Seattle, where my parents live, is a very beautiful place.                          Watch out! Tchaikovsky, who wrote Swan Lake, was born in 1840 (Right). Tchaikovsky,

Wish and if only for regrets Form: Subject + wish + past perfect If only + subject + past perfect Function: We use wish/if only + past perfect to talk about things we would like to change about the past.                                Examples: I wish I had learned to play a musical instrument when I was younger. I wish I had been more adventurous. I definitely wish I hadn´t smoked. If only I had changed careers years ago.                          Watch out!! I wish I hadn´t broken my leg when I was a teenager (Right). I wish I didn´t break my leg when I was a teenager (Wrong). If only I hadn´t left my job (Right). If only a haven´t left my job (Wrong). Practice Complete the second sentence using the words in parentheses so that it means the same as the first. My doctor gave me good advice. I didn´t listen. (Wish). I wish I had listened to my doctor´s advice. Terri wanted to go to college, but she didn´t go (wishes).

Infinitive clauses with impersonal it Form: It´s (not) + adjective + infinitive clause                              Function: We use it´s (not) + adjective + infinitive clause when we want to use the adjective to describe an action or situation. This means the same as using the gerund as a subject. Examples: It´s important to eat properly. It´s good to get in shape. It´s better to speak to a professional. It´s essential to get some sleep.                                              Watch out!! It´s important to rest (Right). Is important to rest (Wrong). It’s better to go to the hospital (Right). It´s better go to the hospital (Wrong). Practice Write complete sentences using the words in parentheses. Start each sentence with it´s. I burned my hand cooking dinner (important/see a doctor). It´s important to see a doctor. I hurt my knee playing soccer (better/stop playing for awhile). It´s better to stop playing for a